From Silos to Statecraft: Whole-of-Government Cyber Deterrence in Europe

About this Event

Deterring state cyber activity takes more than cyber tools. A framework for combining economic, diplomatic, military and intelligence levers to constrain adversaries across domains is necessary. Overview In November 2025, a coordinated cyber attack struck distributed energy sites across Poland, conducted by the same group responsible for the 2015 and 2016 attacks on Ukraine's power grid. It did not arrive alone. Two months earlier, around twenty drones had crossed into Polish airspace, prompting Poland to invoke Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty; information operations amplifying denials of Russian culpability followed. One campaign, at least three domains, and a European response still largely organised around tackling one threat at a time. Poland is not exceptio…

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